The Visual-Auditory-Kinesthetic learning styles model, in short VAK, provides a simple way to explain and understand one's learning style (and learning styles of others).
The VAK learning style , rather self explanatory, means using the three main sensory receivers: Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic to determine the one's dominant learning style.
It is sometimes known as VAKT (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic, & Tactile).
It is based on modalities -- a channel by which human expression can take place and is composed of a combination of perception and memory.
VAK is derived from the accelerated learning world and seems to be about the most popular model nowadays due to its simplicity, however, its main weakness is that the research does not support it. This is probably because it is more of a preference, rather than a style.
Visual learning style involves the use of seen or observed things, including pictures, diagrams, demonstrations, displays, handouts, films, flip-chart, etc.
Visual learners have two sub-channels - linguistic and spatial. Learners who are visual-linguistic like to learn through written language, such as reading and writing tasks. They remember what has been written down, even if they do not read it more than once. They like to write down directions and pay better attention to lectures if they watch them. Learners who are visual-spatial usually have difficulty with the written language and do better with charts, demonstrations, videos, and other visual materials. They easily visualize faces and places by using their imagination and seldom get lost in new surroundings.
Auditory learning style involves the transfer of information through listening: to the spoken word, of self or others, of sounds and noises.
Auditory learners often talk to themselves. They also may move their lips and read out loud. They may have difficulty with reading and writing tasks. They often do better talking to a colleague or a tape recorder and hearing what was said.
Kinesthetic learners do best while touching and moving. It also has two sub-channels: kinesthetic (movement) and tactile (touch). They tend to lose concentration if there is little or no external stimulation or movement. When listening to lectures they may want to take notes for the sake of moving their hands. When reading, they like to scan the material first, and then focus in on the details (get the big picture first). They typically use color highlighters and take notes by drawing pictures, diagrams, or doodling.
Examples of Visual learning style which can be assessed: 1) when operating new equipment for the first time I prefer toread the instructions 2) when cooking a new dish Ifollow a recipe 3) to teach someone something I write down instructions 4) to learn a new skill, I watch what the teacher is doing 5) I remember things best by writing notes or keeping printed details
Examples of Auditory learning style which can be assessed: 1) when operating new equipment for the first time I prefer to listen to or ask for an explanation 2) when seeking travel directions I'll ask for spoken directions 3) to teach someone something I usually explain verbally 4) to learn a new skill,I talk through with the teacher exactly what I am supposed to do 5) I remember things best by saying them aloud or repeating words and key points in my head
Examples of Kinesthetic learning style which can be assessed: 1) when operating new equipment for the first time, I prefer to have a go and learn by 'trial and error' 2) when cooking a new dish I follow my instinct, tasting as I cook 3) to teach someone something I demonstrate and let them have a go 4) to learn a new skill, I like to give it a try and work it out as I go along by doing it 5) I remember things best by doing and practicing the activity, or imagining it being done